Teacher Certification

Background
This Teacher Certification module was developed to give You feedback, how well You master the research-based content of Literacy learning, Literacy teaching and Reading difficulties. If you successfully complete the module, you will receive a Certificate of Completion that enhances Your professional development.
How to start?
Before you start to study eTALE Africa learning content, we highly recommend You do first a “pretest” by answering 40 random multiple-choice questions. Note that there is only one correct answer for each question (a, b, c or d). You will have one hour to complete the pretest. After answering to all 40 questions, you will receive immediate feedback how well You did.
How to do the test?
If You already are an expert in the content and receive at least 70% (28 out of 40 questions correct) in the pretest, you will automatically receive the Certificate to your email. You can save and print it as a demonstration of your knowledge in literacy learning and teaching and reading difficulties.
What if I do not get 70% in pretest?
If You don’t get 70% in the pretest, do not worry. The “pretest” is the starting point of eTALE Africa eLearning environment! When You have gone through and studied the content, you can do the “post-test” or “final examination”. You can do the test as many times as you like. But note the questions will not be the same or in same order.
When You have answered correctly least to 28 questions (that is 70% and above), the Certificate is send to Your email.
Parts of the eTALE Africa content may seem challenging and the test might not be an easy task! But remember, You can always read a little bit more and do the test again.
Ready? Let´s go!
If you want to do the pretest now, please continue below.

            
                0%
                
                
                    
                
                    
                    
                
            
                     3188
                    
                    
                

                    
                
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
29
30
31
32
33
34
35
36
37
38
39
40
                    
            
            
                
                
                
            
            
            
                
                    Certification test
                    
                    Teacher certification test
                    
                    
                    
                    
                    
                    
                        
                    
                    
                    
                
            

                    
                    User data for teacher certification test

                        NameEmailCountryOther country (fill in here)How many times have you tried this test?
                        
                            
                            
                        
                    
                  

                        
                        
                        1 / 40
                        
                            
                        Category:
                        Literacy learning
                    
                            
                                1. Which of the following is NOT one of the roles of an efficient reader?

                            
                            
                            
            
                

                
                    
                        a. Text participant (making meaning, relating information).
                    
                    

                    
            
            
                

                
                    
                        b. Repeater (learning by heart)
                    
                    

                    
            
            
                

                
                    
                        c. Text user (applying reading skills for authentic purposes).
                    
                    

                    
            
            
                

                
                    
                        d. Codebreaker (using phonics, context, and grammar cues).
                    
                    

                    
            
                            
                            
                            
                        
                        
                        
                        
                        
                        
                    
                            
                            
                                
                            
                            
                                
                            
                            
                                
                            
                            
                        
                    

                        
                        
                        2 / 40
                        
                            
                        Category:
                        Literacy learning
                    
                            
                                2.  Phonological awareness means:

                            
                            
                            
            
                

                
                    
                        a. The ability to count the number of words correctly.
                    
                    

                    
            
            
                

                
                    
                        b. Identifying the sounds, syllables, and words of the language.
                    
                    

                    
            
            
                

                
                    
                        c. The ability to spell and read words correctly.
                    
                    

                    
            
            
                

                
                    
                        d. Naming letters in alphabetical order.
                    
                    

                    
            
                            
                            
                            
                        
                        
                        
                        
                        
                        
                    
                            
                            
                                
                            
                            
                                
                            
                            
                                
                            
                            
                        
                    

                        
                        
                        3 / 40
                        
                            
                        Category:
                        Literacy learning
                    
                            
                                3. Twenty-first century learning skills do NOT include:

                            
                            
                            
            
                

                
                    
                        a. Communicating (including digital literacy), collaborating, and citizenship.
                    
                    

                    
            
            
                

                
                    
                        b. Creative thinking and problem solving.
                    
                    

                    
            
            
                

                
                    
                        c. Fine motor skills.
                    
                    

                    
            
            
                

                
                    
                        d. Critical thinking
                    
                    

                    
            
                            
                            
                            
                        
                        
                        
                        
                        
                        
                    
                            
                            
                                
                            
                            
                                
                            
                            
                                
                            
                            
                        
                    

                        
                        
                        4 / 40
                        
                            
                        Category:
                        Literacy learning
                    
                            
                                4. You can get a child to pay attention:

                            
                            
                            
            
                

                
                    
                        a. By incorporating movement and physical activity into your lessons.
                    
                    

                    
            
            
                

                
                    
                        b. All alternatives are correct.
                    
                    

                    
            
            
                

                
                    
                        c. By being clear in your expectations.
                    
                    

                    
            
            
                

                
                    
                        d. By teaching at the appropriate difficulty level.
                    
                    

                    
            
                            
                            
                            
                        
                        
                        
                        
                        
                        
                    
                            
                            
                                
                            
                            
                                
                            
                            
                                
                            
                            
                        
                    

                        
                        
                        5 / 40
                        
                            
                        Category:
                        Literacy learning
                    
                            
                                5. To increase reading motivation, it is important that:

                            
                            
                            
            
                

                
                    
                        a. Learners are allowed to choose the complementary books they want to read.
                    
                    

                    
            
            
                

                
                    
                        b. Teachers listen to the children’s needs and pay attention to their motivations so that their lessons can be successfully implemented.
                    
                    

                    
            
            
                

                
                    
                        c. All alternatives are correct.
                    
                    

                    
            
            
                

                
                    
                        d. Learners understand the basics of reading to get positive feedback in learning situations at home and at school.
                    
                    

                    
            
                            
                            
                            
                        
                        
                        
                        
                        
                        
                    
                            
                            
                                
                            
                            
                                
                            
                            
                                
                            
                            
                        
                    

                        
                        
                        6 / 40
                        
                            
                        Category:
                        Literacy learning
                    
                            
                                6. A child shows intrinsic motivation when:

                            
                            
                            
            
                

                
                    
                        a. The child thinks “I will practice reading because I will get a good grade.”
                    
                    

                    
            
            
                

                
                    
                        b. Interested in earning a reward from an external source.
                    
                    

                    
            
            
                

                
                    
                        c. The child does what the teacher says she or he should do.
                    
                    

                    
            
            
                

                
                    
                        d. The child thinks “I like to read because I want to know more about animals.”
                    
                    

                    
            
                            
                            
                            
                        
                        
                        
                        
                        
                        
                    
                            
                            
                                
                            
                            
                                
                            
                            
                                
                            
                            
                        
                    

                        
                        
                        7 / 40
                        
                            
                        Category:
                        Literacy learning
                    
                            
                                7. In teaching motor and visuo-motor skills, it is  important to:

                            
                            
                            
            
                

                
                    
                        a. Keep practice sessions short but frequent.
                    
                    

                    
            
            
                

                
                    
                        b. Use visual demonstrations with instructions whenever possible.
                    
                    

                    
            
            
                

                
                    
                        c. All alternatives are correct.
                    
                    

                    
            
            
                

                
                    
                        d. Give praise, encouragement, and feedback.
                    
                    

                    
            
                            
                            
                            
                        
                        
                        
                        
                        
                        
                    
                            
                            
                                
                            
                            
                                
                            
                            
                                
                            
                            
                        
                    

                        
                        
                        8 / 40
                        
                            
                        Category:
                        Literacy learning
                    
                            
                                8. Based on research, which of the following is NOT an important sub-skill of listening skills?

                            
                            
                            
            
                

                
                    
                        a. Comprehension monitoring.
                    
                    

                    
            
            
                

                
                    
                        b. Fine motor skills.  
                    
                    

                    
            
            
                

                
                    
                        c. Knowledge such as background knowledge or world knowledge.
                    
                    

                    
            
            
                

                
                    
                        d. Memory (working memory and long-term memory).
                    
                    

                    
            
                            
                            
                            
                        
                        
                        
                        
                        
                        
                    
                            
                            
                                
                            
                            
                                
                            
                            
                                
                            
                            
                        
                    

                        
                        
                        9 / 40
                        
                            
                        Category:
                        Literacy learning
                    
                            
                                9. Which one of these is NOT a good strategy to reduce working memory load when a child has problems with working memory?

                            
                            
                            
            
                

                
                    
                        a. Use pictures or comics, which may help children remember multistep instructions.
                    
                    

                    
            
            
                

                
                    
                        b. Try to use short, simple sentences.
                    
                    

                    
            
            
                

                
                    
                        c. Speak fast so that the child remembers.
                    
                    

                    
            
            
                

                
                    
                        d. Try to combine new material with familiar material so that it is easy for children to remember.
                    
                    

                    
            
                            
                            
                            
                        
                        
                        
                        
                        
                        
                    
                            
                            
                                
                            
                            
                                
                            
                            
                                
                            
                            
                        
                    

                        
                        
                        10 / 40
                        
                            
                        Category:
                        Literacy learning
                    
                            
                                10. Rapid naming means:

                            
                            
                            
            
                

                
                    
                        a. The ability to fluently find the names of familiar items.
                    
                    

                    
            
            
                

                
                    
                        b. The rapid repeating of known words.
                    
                    

                    
            
            
                

                
                    
                        c. How fluently and quickly a child speaks.
                    
                    

                    
            
            
                

                
                    
                        d. A child is very rapid in answering teachers’ questions.
                    
                    

                    
            
                            
                            
                            
                        
                        
                        
                        
                        
                        
                    
                            
                            
                                
                            
                            
                                
                            
                            
                                
                            
                            
                        
                    

                        
                        
                        11 / 40
                        
                            
                        Category:
                        Literacy teaching
                    
                            
                                11.  Which of the following is an example of a semiotic system?

                            
                            
                            
            
                

                
                    
                        a. Linguistic.
                    
                    

                    
            
            
                

                
                    
                        b. Gestural.
                    
                    

                    
            
            
                

                
                    
                        c. Visual.
                    
                    

                    
            
            
                

                
                    
                        d. All alternatives are correct.
                    
                    

                    
            
                            
                            
                            
                        
                        
                        
                        
                        
                        
                    
                            
                            
                                
                            
                            
                                
                            
                            
                                
                            
                            
                        
                    

                        
                        
                        12 / 40
                        
                            
                        Category:
                        Literacy teaching
                    
                            
                                12. Multiliteracy pedagogy acknowledges learners:

                            
                            
                            
            
                

                
                    
                        a. As learners who learn new information by reading.
                    
                    

                    
            
            
                

                
                    
                        b. As receivers of information. 
                    
                    

                    
            
            
                

                
                    
                        c. As passive learners. 
                    
                    

                    
            
            
                

                
                    
                        d. As active originators of meanings in the learning process. 
                    
                    

                    
            
                            
                            
                            
                        
                        
                        
                        
                        
                        
                    
                            
                            
                                
                            
                            
                                
                            
                            
                                
                            
                            
                        
                    

                        
                        
                        13 / 40
                        
                            
                        Category:
                        Literacy teaching
                    
                            
                                13. Multilingualism:

                            
                            
                            
            
                

                
                    
                        a. Is synonymous with bilingualism.
                    
                    

                    
            
            
                

                
                    
                        b. Refers to state of knowing or using more than one language in written or spoken form by an individual or a community.
                    
                    

                    
            
            
                

                
                    
                        c. Refers to state of knowing or using a mother language in written or spoken form by an individual or a community.
                    
                    

                    
            
            
                

                
                    
                        d. Is synonymous with monolingualism.
                    
                    

                    
            
                            
                            
                            
                        
                        
                        
                        
                        
                        
                    
                            
                            
                                
                            
                            
                                
                            
                            
                                
                            
                            
                        
                    

                        
                        
                        14 / 40
                        
                            
                        Category:
                        Literacy teaching
                    
                            
                                14. Which of the following is NOT a level at which phonological awareness is taught?

                            
                            
                            
            
                

                
                    
                        a. Phoneme level.
                    
                    

                    
            
            
                

                
                    
                        b. Syllable level.
                    
                    

                    
            
            
                

                
                    
                        c. Word level.
                    
                    

                    
            
            
                

                
                    
                        d. Bi-syllable level.
                    
                    

                    
            
                            
                            
                            
                        
                        
                        
                        
                        
                        
                    
                            
                            
                                
                            
                            
                                
                            
                            
                                
                            
                            
                        
                    

                        
                        
                        15 / 40
                        
                            
                        Category:
                        Literacy teaching
                    
                            
                                15. Which of the following activities would be most appropriate for introducing pre-primary learners (5-6 year old children) to the alphabetic principle?

                            
                            
                            
            
                

                
                    
                        a. Posting learners’ names on a wall and having learners whose names contain a certain letter come to the front of the room.
                    
                    

                    
            
            
                

                
                    
                        b. Saying a learner’s name and having learners clap the number of syllables they hear in the name.
                    
                    

                    
            
            
                

                
                    
                        c. Writing a learner’s name on the board and having learners sound out the name by blending the letters.
                    
                    

                    
            
            
                

                
                    
                        d. Reciting a list of learners’ names and having learners raise their hands when they hear a name that begins with a specific sound.
                    
                    

                    
            
                            
                            
                            
                        
                        
                        
                        
                        
                        
                    
                            
                            
                                
                            
                            
                                
                            
                            
                                
                            
                            
                        
                    

                        
                        
                        16 / 40
                        
                            
                        Category:
                        Literacy teaching
                    
                            
                                16. Which of the following teacher prompts would be most appropriate to use to promote pre-primary learners’ (5-6 year old children) phonemic awareness skills?

                            
                            
                            
            
                

                
                    
                        a. “Can you think of a word that rhymes with the word cat?”
                    
                    

                    
            
            
                

                
                    
                        b. “Say the first sound you hear in the word ball.”
                    
                    

                    
            
            
                

                
                    
                        c. “Clap your hands for every beat you hear in the word umbrella.”
                    
                    

                    
            
            
                

                
                    
                        d. “What sound does the letter D make?”
                    
                    

                    
            
                            
                            
                            
                        
                        
                        
                        
                        
                        
                    
                            
                            
                                
                            
                            
                                
                            
                            
                                
                            
                            
                        
                    

                        
                        
                        17 / 40
                        
                            
                        Category:
                        Literacy teaching
                    
                            
                                17. Teacher-directed teaching means that:

                            
                            
                            
            
                

                
                    
                        a. The teacher uses drill-and-practice methods in teaching basic academics.
                    
                    

                    
            
            
                

                
                    
                        b. The teacher does not use group work in teaching basic academics.
                    
                    

                    
            
            
                

                
                    
                        c. The teacher punishes the children when they behave badly.
                    
                    

                    
            
            
                

                
                    
                        d. The teacher shouts at the children when they do not study basic academics enough.
                    
                    

                    
            
                            
                            
                            
                        
                        
                        
                        
                        
                        
                    
                            
                            
                                
                            
                            
                                
                            
                            
                                
                            
                            
                        
                    

                        
                        
                        18 / 40
                        
                            
                        Category:
                        Literacy teaching
                    
                            
                                18. Child-centred teaching has a positive effect on:

                            
                            
                            
            
                

                
                    
                        a. Children’s learning outcomes.
                    
                    

                    
            
            
                

                
                    
                        b. Children’s sleep habits.
                    
                    

                    
            
            
                

                
                    
                        c. Children’s hobbies.
                    
                    

                    
            
            
                

                
                    
                        d. Children’s eating habits. 
                    
                    

                    
            
                            
                            
                            
                        
                        
                        
                        
                        
                        
                    
                            
                            
                                
                            
                            
                                
                            
                            
                                
                            
                            
                        
                    

                        
                        
                        19 / 40
                        
                            
                        Category:
                        Literacy teaching
                    
                            
                                19.    How can you help adult learners become fluent in reading?

                            
                            
                            
            
                

                
                    
                        a. None of the options.
                    
                    

                    
            
            
                

                
                    
                        b. By providing them with reading materials relevant to their interests.
                    
                    

                    
            
            
                

                
                    
                        c. By putting them in competition with young readers.
                    
                    

                    
            
            
                

                
                    
                        d. By giving them reading tests.
                    
                    

                    
            
                            
                            
                            
                        
                        
                        
                        
                        
                        
                    
                            
                            
                                
                            
                            
                                
                            
                            
                                
                            
                            
                        
                    

                        
                        
                        20 / 40
                        
                            
                        Category:
                        Literacy teaching
                    
                            
                                20.  When can adult learners begin to learn to read phrases and sentences?

                            
                            
                            
            
                

                
                    
                        a. After obtaining the skills to read words.
                    
                    

                    
            
            
                

                
                    
                        b. After attending several reading classes.
                    
                    

                    
            
            
                

                
                    
                        c. None of the options.
                    
                    

                    
            
            
                

                
                    
                        d. After registering in a literacy program.
                    
                    

                    
            
                            
                            
                            
                        
                        
                        
                        
                        
                        
                    
                            
                            
                                
                            
                            
                                
                            
                            
                                
                            
                            
                        
                    

                        
                        
                        21 / 40
                        
                            
                        Category:
                        Literacy teaching
                    
                            
                                21.  How can you manage adult learners during literacy learning sessions?

                            
                            
                            
            
                

                
                    
                        a. Through corporal punishment.
                    
                    

                    
            
            
                

                
                    
                        b. By giving them many tasks to accomplish.
                    
                    

                    
            
            
                

                
                    
                        c. By giving them difficult questions for discussion.
                    
                    

                    
            
            
                

                
                    
                        d. By integrating emotion into lessons.
                    
                    

                    
            
                            
                            
                            
                        
                        
                        
                        
                        
                        
                    
                            
                            
                                
                            
                            
                                
                            
                            
                                
                            
                            
                        
                    

                        
                        
                        22 / 40
                        
                            
                        Category:
                        Literacy teaching
                    
                            
                                22. Why does teaching adult learners require special skills?

                            
                            
                            
            
                

                
                    
                        a. Because they are intelligent.
                    
                    

                    
            
            
                

                
                    
                        b. Because they are special.
                    
                    

                    
            
            
                

                
                    
                        c. Because their age makes them behave in a different manner.
                    
                    

                    
            
            
                

                
                    
                        d. Because they are slow learners.
                    
                    

                    
            
                            
                            
                            
                        
                        
                        
                        
                        
                        
                    
                            
                            
                                
                            
                            
                                
                            
                            
                                
                            
                            
                        
                    

                        
                        
                        23 / 40
                        
                            
                        Category:
                        Literacy teaching
                    
                            
                                23. What is the most appropriate teaching method to be used in teaching adult learners?

                            
                            
                            
            
                

                
                    
                        a. The method of gradual release of responsibilities.
                    
                    

                    
            
            
                

                
                    
                        b. Student centred method.
                    
                    

                    
            
            
                

                
                    
                        c. Lecture method.
                    
                    

                    
            
            
                

                
                    
                        d. Gallery walk method.
                    
                    

                    
            
                            
                            
                            
                        
                        
                        
                        
                        
                        
                    
                            
                            
                                
                            
                            
                                
                            
                            
                                
                            
                            
                        
                    

                        
                        
                        24 / 40
                        
                            
                        Category:
                        Literacy teaching
                    
                            
                                24. How should a teacher NOT help children with spelling difficulties?

                            
                            
                            
            
                

                
                    
                        a. Train students to check spelling after writing.
                    
                    

                    
            
            
                

                
                    
                        b. Focus on self-correcting strategies.
                    
                    

                    
            
            
                

                
                    
                        c. Train students to have phonological awareness.
                    
                    

                    
            
            
                

                
                    
                        d. Have students write words and mark the spelling errors with a red pen.
                    
                    

                    
            
                            
                            
                            
                        
                        
                        
                        
                        
                        
                    
                            
                            
                                
                            
                            
                                
                            
                            
                                
                            
                            
                        
                    

                        
                        
                        25 / 40
                        
                            
                        Category:
                        Literacy teaching
                    
                            
                                25. When comparing handwriting and typing:

                            
                            
                            
            
                

                
                    
                        a. Sensory experiences in typing are more complex than in handwriting.
                    
                    

                    
            
            
                

                
                    
                        b. Typing seems to be more efficient when learning to read.
                    
                    

                    
            
            
                

                
                    
                        c. Handwriting activates engrams in the brain, which supports learning letters.
                    
                    

                    
            
            
                

                
                    
                        d. Typing supports the remembering of letters better than handwriting.
                    
                    

                    
            
                            
                            
                            
                        
                        
                        
                        
                        
                        
                    
                            
                            
                                
                            
                            
                                
                            
                            
                                
                            
                            
                        
                    

                        
                        
                        26 / 40
                        
                            
                        Category:
                        Literacy teaching
                    
                            
                                26. When spelling in transparent languages (e.g., bantu languages):

                            
                            
                            
            
                

                
                    
                        a. All alternatives are correct.
                    
                    

                    
            
            
                

                
                    
                        b. You need to know how to separate phonemes from syllables.
                    
                    

                    
            
            
                

                
                    
                        c. You need to know the letter-phoneme connections.
                    
                    

                    
            
            
                

                
                    
                        d. You need to know how to separate syllables from words.
                    
                    

                    
            
                            
                            
                            
                        
                        
                        
                        
                        
                        
                    
                            
                            
                                
                            
                            
                                
                            
                            
                                
                            
                            
                        
                    

                        
                        
                        27 / 40
                        
                            
                        Category:
                        Literacy teaching
                    
                            
                                27.  Which of the following is NOT a psychological benefit of listening to stories?

                            
                            
                            
            
                

                
                    
                        a. Developing imagination.
                    
                    

                    
            
            
                

                
                    
                        b. Gaining knowledge about new things and new words.
                    
                    

                    
            
            
                

                
                    
                        c. Developing emotional wellbeing.
                    
                    

                    
            
            
                

                
                    
                        d. Developing visual perceptual skills. 
                    
                    

                    
            
                            
                            
                            
                        
                        
                        
                        
                        
                        
                    
                            
                            
                                
                            
                            
                                
                            
                            
                                
                            
                            
                        
                    

                        
                        
                        28 / 40
                        
                            
                        Category:
                        Literacy teaching
                    
                            
                                28. Which of the following is not beneficial for listening to stories?

                            
                            
                            
            
                

                
                    
                        a. Increased vocabulary range.
                    
                    

                    
            
            
                

                
                    
                        b. Playing any mobile games. 
                    
                    

                    
            
            
                

                
                    
                        c. Listening and concentration enhancement.
                    
                    

                    
            
            
                

                
                    
                        d. Acquisition of literacy skills, such as speaking.
                    
                    

                    
            
                            
                            
                            
                        
                        
                        
                        
                        
                        
                    
                            
                            
                                
                            
                            
                                
                            
                            
                                
                            
                            
                        
                    

                        
                        
                        29 / 40
                        
                            
                        Category:
                        Literacy teaching
                    
                            
                                29. Apps for reading development

                            
                            
                            
            
                

                
                    
                        a. Do not encourage children to read. 
                    
                    

                    
            
            
                

                
                    
                        b. Provide stories in English only.
                    
                    

                    
            
            
                

                
                    
                        c. Require that the child be a skilled reader.
                    
                    

                    
            
            
                

                
                    
                        d. Provide reading materials for different reading skill levels.
                    
                    

                    
            
                            
                            
                            
                        
                        
                        
                        
                        
                        
                    
                            
                            
                                
                            
                            
                                
                            
                            
                                
                            
                            
                        
                    

                        
                        
                        30 / 40
                        
                            
                        Category:
                        Literacy teaching
                    
                            
                                30. Which of the following is NOT considered a benefit of ICT usage?

                            
                            
                            
            
                

                
                    
                        a. Teachers are replaced by ICT technology.
                    
                    

                    
            
            
                

                
                    
                        b. ICT activities promote collaboration, as well as individual learning.
                    
                    

                    
            
            
                

                
                    
                        c. Children have positive learning experiences.
                    
                    

                    
            
            
                

                
                    
                        d. It enhances learning by engaging the mind with a platform other than a book.
                    
                    

                    
            
                            
                            
                            
                        
                        
                        
                        
                        
                        
                    
                            
                            
                                
                            
                            
                                
                            
                            
                                
                            
                            
                        
                    

                        
                        
                        31 / 40
                        
                            
                        Category:
                        Reading difficulties
                    
                            
                                31.  Which of the following modalities is the most beneficial in learning to read:

                            
                            
                            
            
                

                
                    
                        a. Using multiple senses (multisensory approach).
                    
                    

                    
            
            
                

                
                    
                        b. Touching.
                    
                    

                    
            
            
                

                
                    
                        c. Seeing.
                    
                    

                    
            
            
                

                
                    
                        d. Hearing.
                    
                    

                    
            
                            
                            
                            
                        
                        
                        
                        
                        
                        
                    
                            
                            
                                
                            
                            
                                
                            
                            
                                
                            
                            
                        
                    

                        
                        
                        32 / 40
                        
                            
                        Category:
                        Reading difficulties
                    
                            
                                32. Based on research, which of these statements is INCORRECT. Intensity of reading instruction and intervention can be increased by:

                            
                            
                            
            
                

                
                    
                        a. Providing explicit instruction. 
                    
                    

                    
            
            
                

                
                    
                        b. Allowing the child to practice independently most of the time.
                    
                    

                    
            
            
                

                
                    
                        c. Increasing the extent of the intervention (number of hours).
                    
                    

                    
            
            
                

                
                    
                        d. Decreasing group size (whole-class, small group, one-to-one).
                    
                    

                    
            
                            
                            
                            
                        
                        
                        
                        
                        
                        
                    
                            
                            
                                
                            
                            
                                
                            
                            
                                
                            
                            
                        
                    

                        
                        
                        33 / 40
                        
                            
                        Category:
                        Reading difficulties
                    
                            
                                33.  Based on research, which of these statements is INCORRECT concerning effective instruction for children with reading difficulties: 

                            
                            
                            
            
                

                
                    
                        a. The teacher lets children learn to read independently.
                    
                    

                    
            
            
                

                
                    
                        b. Teaching is guided with independent practice and constructive feedback.
                    
                    

                    
            
            
                

                
                    
                        c. The teacher provides clear modelling, demonstrations, and explanations.
                    
                    

                    
            
            
                

                
                    
                        d. The teacher adapts instructions according to a child’s skill level. 
                    
                    

                    
            
                            
                            
                            
                        
                        
                        
                        
                        
                        
                    
                            
                            
                                
                            
                            
                                
                            
                            
                                
                            
                            
                        
                    

                        
                        
                        34 / 40
                        
                            
                        Category:
                        Reading difficulties
                    
                            
                                34. Based on research, which of the following is NOT true:

                            
                            
                            
            
                

                
                    
                        a. Learning to read, for children with a reading disability, is based on the same developmental steps as readers without a disability.
                    
                    

                    
            
            
                

                
                    
                        b. Learning to read, for children with a reading disability, is based on the same cognitive processes as readers without a disability.
                    
                    

                    
            
            
                

                
                    
                        c. It does not matter if a reading disability is not recognised/identified. 
                    
                    

                    
            
            
                

                
                    
                        d. A reading difficulty can be most successfully treated when identified early in development.
                    
                    

                    
            
                            
                            
                            
                        
                        
                        
                        
                        
                        
                    
                            
                            
                                
                            
                            
                                
                            
                            
                                
                            
                            
                        
                    

                        
                        
                        35 / 40
                        
                            
                        Category:
                        Reading difficulties
                    
                            
                                35. The main idea of a multi-tiered system of support in instruction is that:

                            
                            
                            
            
                

                
                    
                        a. Children with different kinds of learning difficulties are separated into different teaching groups.
                    
                    

                    
            
            
                

                
                    
                        b. Children with learning disabilities are taught in special classes.
                    
                    

                    
            
            
                

                
                    
                        c. Many different approaches are used to support children who struggle in learning.
                    
                    

                    
            
            
                

                
                    
                        d. Interventions are layered as a continuum, for example, into three levels of intensiveness.
                    
                    

                    
            
                            
                            
                            
                        
                        
                        
                        
                        
                        
                    
                            
                            
                                
                            
                            
                                
                            
                            
                                
                            
                            
                        
                    

                        
                        
                        36 / 40
                        
                            
                        Category:
                        Reading difficulties
                    
                            
                                36. A precise estimate of the prevalence of dyslexia in any population is:

                            
                            
                            
            
                

                
                    
                        a. 4–6%
                    
                    

                    
            
            
                

                
                    
                        b. 0.5%
                    
                    

                    
            
            
                

                
                    
                        c. 30–50%
                    
                    

                    
            
            
                

                
                    
                        d. 1%
                    
                    

                    
            
                            
                            
                            
                        
                        
                        
                        
                        
                        
                    
                            
                            
                                
                            
                            
                                
                            
                            
                                
                            
                            
                        
                    

                        
                        
                        37 / 40
                        
                            
                        Category:
                        Reading difficulties
                    
                            
                                37. In learning to read, it is most important that a child:

                            
                            
                            
            
                

                
                    
                        a. Learns letter-sound correspondences. 
                    
                    

                    
            
            
                

                
                    
                        b. Learns the letter names.
                    
                    

                    
            
            
                

                
                    
                        c. Remembers words as a whole.
                    
                    

                    
            
            
                

                
                    
                        d. Learns to draw letter forms. 
                    
                    

                    
            
                            
                            
                            
                        
                        
                        
                        
                        
                        
                    
                            
                            
                                
                            
                            
                                
                            
                            
                                
                            
                            
                        
                    

                        
                        
                        38 / 40
                        
                            
                        Category:
                        Reading difficulties
                    
                            
                                38. Based on neuroimaging studies:

                            
                            
                            
            
                

                
                    
                        a. The whole brain is activated when we read. 
                    
                    

                    
            
            
                

                
                    
                        b. There is only one reading centre in the brain.
                    
                    

                    
            
            
                

                
                    
                        c. The reading system in the brain is different in beginner readers and fluent readers.
                    
                    

                    
            
            
                

                
                    
                        d. We don’t know which parts of the brain are activated during reading.
                    
                    

                    
            
                            
                            
                            
                        
                        
                        
                        
                        
                        
                    
                            
                            
                                
                            
                            
                                
                            
                            
                                
                            
                            
                        
                    

                        
                        
                        39 / 40
                        
                            
                        Category:
                        Reading difficulties
                    
                            
                                39. In shallow and transparent orthographies:

                            
                            
                            
            
                

                
                    
                        a. The orthography is not important in teaching reading.
                    
                    

                    
            
            
                

                
                    
                        b. Children learn to read best by remembering whole words.
                    
                    

                    
            
            
                

                
                    
                        c. Children learn to read best using letter-sound correspondences. 
                    
                    

                    
            
            
                

                
                    
                        d. The teacher does not need to teach children to read.
                    
                    

                    
            
                            
                            
                            
                        
                        
                        
                        
                        
                        
                    
                            
                            
                                
                            
                            
                                
                            
                            
                                
                            
                            
                        
                    

                        
                        
                        40 / 40
                        
                            
                        Category:
                        Reading difficulties
                    
                            
                                40. The most prominent characteristic of reading disability (dyslexia) is:

                            
                            
                            
            
                

                
                    
                        a. Struggles with word reading.
                    
                    

                    
            
            
                

                
                    
                        b. Poor text comprehension. 
                    
                    

                    
            
            
                

                
                    
                        c. Problems in visual perception.
                    
                    

                    
            
            
                

                
                    
                        d. Attention problems.
                    
                    

                    
            
                            
                            
                            
                            
                            
                            
                            
                        
                            
                            
                                
                            
                            
                                
                            
                            
                                
                            
                            
                        
                    

            
            
Your score is 

                0%
Teacher Certification

eTALE Literacy

eTALE Maths

eTALE Early Childhood Education

Contact

Citation
